Definition 2

You: ‘According to this reference, ‘Genetics is the study of how genes and traits are passed down from one generation to the next.’ However, it feels like this definition might be missing some detail.’

Dr. Foster: ‘That is a useful starting point, but let’s refine it, especially considering the complexities we might see with our fruit fly crosses. If we only mention passing traits from one generation to another, we might overlook factors like environmental influence or gene interactions.’

You: ‘True. We have also learned that genes are segments of chromosomes—specific DNA sequences containing instructions for protein synthesis. There can be two versions for each gene: one inherited from the mother’s side and one from the father’s.”

Dr. Foster: ‘Exactly. Now that you’re working on this fruit fly experiment, how do you think those different versions of a gene relate to the traits we’ll be observing in the F1 generation?’

You: ‘Well, each version might produce a distinct outcome, such as red or white eye color. I remember those two variants of a gene have a specific name...’

Dr. Foster: ‘Precisely. Before we set up the next round of matings, think about what these alternate forms are commonly called. That terminology will help you interpret the data once we start seeing the F1 larvae develop into adults.”

Which one of these choices do you think applies?